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Vacuum Induction Melting
Vacuum casting (vacuum induction melting - VIM) yakagadziridzwa kuti igadziriswe ehunyanzvi uye ekunze alloys, uye zvave kuita zvakajairika sezvo izvi zvemberi zvinhu zviri kuwedzera kushandiswa. VIM yakagadziridzwa kunyungudusa uye kukanda ma superalloys uye masimbi akasimba, mazhinji ayo anoda kugadzirwa kwevacuum nekuti iwo ane refractory uye reactive zvinhu zvakaita seTi, Nb uye Al. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kune simbi isina tsvina uye mamwe simbi kana yemhando yepamusoro yekunyungudika ichidikanwa.

Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, maitiro acho anosanganisira kunyunguduka kwesimbi pasi pevacuum mamiriro. Electromagnetic induction inoshandiswa sesimba sosi yekunyungudutsa simbi. Induction kunyunguduka kunoshanda nekupinza magetsi eddy currents musimbi. Kunobva iko induction coil, inotakura alternating current. Eddy currents inopisa uye pakupedzisira inonyungudutsa chaji.

Icho choto chine bhachi resimbi risina mhepo, rakatonhodzwa nemvura rinokwanisa kutsungirira mhepo inodiwa kuti igadziriswe. Iyo simbi inonyungudutswa mune crucible inogara mumvura-yakatonhorera induction coil, uye choto chinowanzo kuputirwa neakakodzera refractories.

Simbi uye alloys ane hukama hwepamusoro hwemagasi - kunyanya nitrogen uye okisijeni - anowanzo kunyungudutswa / kunatswa muvacuum induction furnaces kudzivirira kusvibiswa / kuita nemagasi aya. Iyo maitiro saka anowanzo shandiswa kugadzirisa yakakwira-kuchena zvinhu kana zvinhu zvine kushivirira kwakasimba pamakemikari.

Mubvunzo: Sei vacuum induction kunyungudika ichishandiswa?

A: Vacuum induction melting yakatanga kugadzirwa kuti igadziriswe alloys ane hunyanzvi uye ekunze uye zvave kuita kuwanda sezvo zvinhu izvi zvemberi zviri kuwedzera kushandiswa. Kunyange yakagadziridzwa zvinhu zvakaita se superalloys, inogona zvakare kushandiswa kune simbi isina tsvina uye mamwe masimbi.
Zvinoita sei avacuum induction furnacekushanda?
Material inochajwa muchoto chekupinza pasi pevacuum uye simba rinoiswa kunyungudutsa chaji. Machaji ekuwedzera anoitwa kuunza iyo mvura simbi vhoriyamu kune yaunoda kunyungudika huwandu. Simbi yakanyungudutswa inonatswa pasi pevacuum uye chemistry inogadziriswa kusvika iyo chaiyo yakanyunguduka chemistry yawanikwa.
Chii chinoitika kusimbi mune vacuum?
Kunyanya, masimbi mazhinji anoumba oxide layer pane chero nzvimbo inoratidzwa kumhepo. Izvi zvinoshanda senhovo kudzivirira kubatana. Muvacuum yenzvimbo, hamuna mweya kuitira kuti masimbi asaite danda rekudzivirira.

Zvakanakira zveVIM Melting
Zvichienderana nechigadzirwa uye metallurgical process, vacuum mazinga panguva yekunatsiridza ari mumhando ye10-1 kusvika 10-4 mbar. Zvimwe zvezvakanakira metallurgical zvevacuum processing ndezvi:
Kunyunguduka pasi peokisijeni-isina mamiriro ekunze kunoganhurira kuumbwa kweiyo isiri-metallic oxide inclusions uye inodzivirira oxidation yezvinhu zvinoshanda.
Kubudirira kwepedyo kwazvo kusanganisa kushivirira uye gasi zviri mukati
Kubviswa kwezvinhu zvisingadiwe zvekutevera zvine high vapor pressure
Kubviswa kwemagasi akanyungudika - oksijeni, hydrogen, nitrogen
Kugadziriswa kweiyo chaiyo uye homogeneous alloy kuumbwa uye kunyunguduka tembiricha
Kunyungudika muvacuum kunobvisa kudiwa kwechivharo chekudzivirira slag uye kunoderedza mikana yekusvibiswa kwetsaona ye slag kana kubatanidzwa muingot.
Nechikonzero ichi, metallurgical oparesheni senge dephosphorization uye desulphurization ishoma. VIM metallurgy inonyanya kunangwa kune kudzvanywa-kunoenderana nekuita, sekuita kwekabhoni, okisijeni, nitrogen uye hydrogen. Kubviswa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza, zvinoputika zvetrace elements, senge antimony, tellurium, selenium uye bismuth, mumavheni ekuputira vacuum kunokosha zvikuru.

Kunyatso tarisisa kwekudzvanyirira-inotsamira kuita kwekabhoni yakawandisa kuti upedze deoxidation ingori imwe muenzaniso wekuita zvakasiyana-siyana uchishandisa VIM maitiro ekugadzira superalloys. Zvishandiso kunze kwe superalloys zvakabviswa, desulfurized kana kusarudzwa distilled muvacuum induction furnaces kuitira kuti zvisangane nezvakatsanangurwa uye vimbiso yezvinhu. Nekuda kwekuwanda kwemhute yehutsi hwezvizhinji zvisingadiwe kuteedzera zvinhu, zvinogona kudzikiswa kusvika padanho rakaderera ne distillation panguva yevacuum induction kunyunguduka, kunyanya kune alloys ane akanyanya kusimba pakupisa kwepamusoro kwekushanda. Kune akasiyana alloys ayo anofanirwa kusangana nemhando yepamusoro zvinodiwa, vacuum induction choto ndiyo yakanyanya kunyungudika system.

Idzi nzira dzinotevera dzinogona kusanganiswa nyore neVIM system kugadzira kunyungudika kwakachena:
Atmosphere control ine yakaderera leak uye desorption mitengo
Kusarudzwa kweimwe yakagadzikana refractory material yecrucible lining
Kukurudzira uye homogenization ne electromagnetic inomutsa kana kuchenesa gasi
Chaiyo tembiricha yekudzora kuti uderedze crucible reactions nekunyungudika
Yakakodzera deslagging uye kusefa matekiniki panguva yekukanda maitiro
Kushandiswa kweiyo yakakodzera launder uye tundish tekinoroji yekubvisa zvirinani oxide.