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Kunyungudutsa kweVacuum Induction
Kugadzira vacuum casting (vacuum induction melting - VIM) kwakagadzirwa kuti kugadzirwe ma alloys akasarudzika uye ekunze, uye nekudaro kuri kuwedzera kushandiswa sezvo zvinhu izvi zvepamusoro zviri kushandiswa zvakanyanya. VIM yakagadzirwa kuti inyungudise nekuumba ma superalloys nesimbi dzine simba guru, dzakawanda dzacho dzinoda kugadziriswa kwe vacuum nekuti dzine zvinhu zvinoramba uye zvinopindura senge Ti, Nb neAl. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kune simbi dzisina ngura nedzimwe simbi kana paine kunyungudika kwekutanga kwemhando yepamusoro.

Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, maitiro acho anosanganisira kunyungudutsa simbi pasi pemamiriro evacuum. Electromagnetic induction inoshandiswa senzvimbo yesimba rekunyungudutsa simbi. Induction melting inoshanda nekukonzera magetsi e eddy currents musimbi. Kunobva induction coil, iyo inotakura alternating current. Eddy currents inodziya uye pakupedzisira inonyungudutsa chaji.

Choto ichi chine jekete resimbi rinotonhorera nemvura rinokwanisa kutsungirira vacuum inodiwa pakugadzirisa. Simbi inonyungudutswa muchoto chinoiswa mu induction coil inotonhorera nemvura, uye choto chinowanzo putirwa nezvinhu zvinodzivirira kupisa.

Simbi nesimbi dzine simba guru remagasi - kunyanya nitrogen neokisijeni - dzinowanzo nyungudutswa/kucheneswa muzvitofu zvevacuum induction kudzivirira kusvibiswa/kusangana nemagasi aya. Saka maitiro aya anowanzo shandiswa pakugadzirisa zvinhu zvakachena zvakanyanya kana zvinhu zvine makemikari akasimba.

Mubvunzo: Sei kunyungudutsa kwevacuum induction kuchishandiswa?

A: Kunyungudutsa kwevacuum induction kwakagadzirwa pakutanga kuti kugadzirwe ma alloys akasarudzika uye ekunze uye nekudaro kuri kuwedzera kushandiswa sezvo zvinhu izvi zvepamusoro zviri kuramba zvichishandiswa. Kunyange zvazvo yakagadzirwa yezvinhu zvakaita se superalloys, inogona zvakare kushandiswa kune simbi dzisina ngura nedzimwe simbi.
A inoita seichitofu che induction che vacuumbasa here?
Zvinhu zvinoiswa muchoto che induction pasi pe vacuum uye simba rinoiswa kuti simbi inyungudike. Mari yekuwedzera inoiswa kuti simbi yemvura isvike pakukwanisa kunyunguduka kunodiwa. Simbi yakanyungudutswa inonatswa pasi pe vacuum uye makemikari anogadziriswa kusvika makemikari chaiwo ekunyunguduka awanikwa.
Chii chinoitika kusimbi iri mu vacuum?
Zvikuru sei, simbi zhinji dzinoumba ganda rine oxide pamusoro pechinhu chipi nechipi chinosangana nemhepo. Izvi zvinoshanda sechidziviriro chekudzivirira kubatana. Munzvimbo isina mhepo, hapana mhepo saka simbi hadzizoumbe ganda rinodzivirira.

Mabhenefiti eVIM Melting
Zvichienderana nekugadzirwa uye maitiro esimbi, mwero we vacuum panguva yekunatswa uri pakati pe10-1 kusvika 10-4 mbar. Zvimwe zvezvakanakira zvesimbi zvekugadzirisa vacuum ndeizvi:
Kunyunguduka pasi pemhepo isina okisijeni kunoderedza kuumbwa kwezvinosanganisira oxide zvisiri zvesimbi uye kunodzivirira oxidation yezvinhu zvinopindura.
Kubudirira kwekutsungirira kwakasimba kwezvimiro uye zviri mukati megasi
Kubviswa kwezvinhu zvisingadiwi zvine simba guru remhepo
Kubviswa kwemagasi akanyungudutswa - okisijeni, hydrogen, nitrogen
Kugadziriswa kwechimiro che alloy chakanyatsojeka uye chakafanana uye tembiricha yekunyunguduka
Kunyunguduka mu vacuum kunobvisa kudiwa kwekuvhara slag inodzivirira uye kunoderedza mukana wekusvibiswa netsaona slag kana kuti zvinhu zviri mu ingot.
Nekuda kwechikonzero ichi, mashandiro esimbi akadai sekubvisa phosphorization uye kubvisa sulphurization akaganhurirwa. VIM metallurgy inonyanya kuitirwa maitiro anoenderana nekumanikidzwa, akadai sekuita kwekabhoni, okisijeni, nitrogen nehydrogen. Kubviswa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza, zvinoputika, zvakaita seantimony, tellurium, selenium nebismuth, muzvitofu zvevacuum induction kwakakosha zvikuru.

Kunyatso tarisa mashandiro ecarbon yakawandisa kuti ipedzise deoxidation muenzaniso mumwe chete wekushanda nesimba uchishandisa nzira yeVIM yekugadzira superalloys. Zvimwe zvinhu kunze kwesuperalloys zvinobviswa carburised, desulfurized kana kuti zvinosarudzwa mu vacuum induction furnaces kuitira kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa uye kuvimbisa hunhu hwezvinhu. Nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwakanyanya kwemhepo yezvinhu zvakawanda zvisingadiwe, zvinogona kuderedzwa kusvika padanho rakaderera ne distillation panguva yekunyunguduka kwe vacuum induction, kunyanya kune alloys dzine simba rakawanda pakupisa kwakanyanya kwekushanda. Kune alloys dzakasiyana-siyana dzinofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvepamusoro-soro, vacuum induction furnace ndiyo system yekunyunguduka yakakodzera.

Nzira dzinotevera dzinogona kusanganiswa nyore nyore neVIM system kugadzira tsvina yakachena:
Kudzora mamiriro ekunze nekudonhedza mvura shoma uye kusabuda kwemvura mumuviri
Kusarudzwa kwechinhu chakasimba chinodzivisa kukwira kwejira rinopfuta
Kukurunga uye kusanganiswa kwemagetsi nemagetsi anokurudzira kana kuchenesa gasi
Kudzora tembiricha chaiyo kuderedza maitiro ekurovera kana mvura yanyunguduka
Nzira dzakakodzera dzekubvisa madhaka uye kusefa panguva yekukanda
Kushandisa nzira yakakodzera yekuwachisa uye yekusuka tsvina kuti ibvise oxide zviri nani.